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Alloy
Aluminium conductor
Alloy
A mixture of two or more elements. Alloys are commonly mixtures of metals. For example, stainless steel contains iron and chromium, bronze mixes copper and tin and brass is an alloy
of copper and zinc. (See also: Amalgam.)
(For other alloys see: Antimony; Beryllium; Bismuth; Cadmium; Cerium; Chromium; Cobalt; Gold; Hafnium; Iridium; Lead; Lithium; Magnesium; Molybdenum; Nickel; Niobium; Praseodymium; Rhodium; Ruthenium; Silver; Thorium; Tin; Titanium.)
 Alloy – An alloy is a mixture of metals. This is solder, an alloy of tin and lead.
 Aluminium – Aluminium is a good electrical conductor and widely used for carrying power supplies from power stations to local areas.
Aluminium
Element 13 on the periodic table. A lightweight, silvery-white metal. It belongs to group 3 (the boron group).
Aluminium is the most common metallic element in the Earth’s crust. It is the third most abundant element on Earth after oxygen and silicon and makes up about 8% by weight of the Earth’s crust.
Aluminium is reactive and is only found naturally as aluminium oxide. Corundum (emery) is made of crystals of aluminium oxide and is mined as a natural abrasive. Other aluminium oxide crystals include rubies and sapphires.
The mined ore of aluminium is called bauxite.
Named by Sir Humphry Davy
in 1809, aluminium is difficult to separate from its oxide. It was first separated by Hans Christian Ørsted only in 1825.
It was so difficult to obtain that it was very expensive and used as a precious metal. But when electric power became available, it could be more easily refined, and the price dropped. At the same time, it found many new uses.
Aluminium is now the most widely used non-ferrous metal.
 Aluminium – Aluminium reacts with alkalis as well as acids. This is what happens when sodium hydroxide is placed in an aluminium pie plate.
Sodium hydroxide
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