The heating element can be left exposed and provide heat directly to the air (such as in a bar fire or a toaster (see video)), or it can be enclosed (for example if it is to be used under water in a kettle).
A hair drier contains an element. The fan in the back of the drier pushes air past the element and the air is warmed. Kettles, fires, cookers, toasters and many other appliances that produce heat all contain heating elements.