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rainfall pattern than others, and so they can be said to be more drought-prone.
These places include the Sahel region of Africa just south of
the Sahara Desert, southern Africa, northeast Brazil, Australia, southern California, the southwestern US and India. The Dust Bowl in North America is
a drought prone area of about 400,000 sq km.
Dry climate
Where the principal feature is that evaporation and transpiration greatly exceed precipitation at all times of the year. (See also: Cool temperate climate; Desert climate; Hot dry climate.)
El Niño
 Dust storm – The start of a dust storm in Morocco.
Dust Bowl
Part of the Great Plains of North America, centred on Oklahoma, which suffered such a terrible drought in the 1930s that much of the topsoil blew away and many farmers had to abandon their land.
Dust devil
A localised spiralling of air on a hot day.
Dust storm
A strong wind that picks up
dust (soil) from fields to such
an extent that it reduces visibility dramatically. (See also: Haboob.)
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El Niño
The name given to a global change in the world’s weather that occurs
about every four years. At this time storms and droughts are much more frequent, especially in areas within or close to the tropics.
 El Niño – This red area shows the places where the Pacific Ocean changes. It is a long band off the coast of Peru. A huge amount of water is involved, covering an area of surface water the size of Europe.
 El Niño – This map shows the places in the world most affected by El Niño. Notice how eastern Australia and southeast Asia suffer drought (red), as do India and southeast Africa, while northeast Africa, Peru, and California experience torrential rainstorms (green).
ElNiño– Disastrous fires are an important El Niño effect.
In recent years widespread fires have raged in
El Niño drought areas, for example, Australia and Indonesia.